Amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani yateje ikibazo cy’ingufu
Ku ya 24 Gashyantare 2022, amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani, amaze imyaka umunani, yiyongera mu buryo butunguranye.Nyuma yaho, ibihugu by’iburengerazuba byatangiye gufatira Uburusiya ibihano bikaze, bituma isi ihita yiroha mu bibazo byinshi.Intangiriro yo gukaza umurego, ikibazo cy’ingufu ku isi cyadutse.Muri byo, ikibazo cy’ingufu mu Burayi nicyo gikomeye cyane.Mbere y’uko amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani yiyongera, ingufu z’Uburayi zari zishingiye cyane ku byoherezwa mu Burusiya.Muri Werurwe 2022, kubera amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani, ifaranga n’ibindi bintu byinshi, ikibazo cy’ingufu z’Uburayi cyadutse, ndetse n’ibipimo byinshi by’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa by’ingufu nk’ibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga, igiciro cya gaze gasanzwe y’iburayi, n’igiciro cy’amashanyarazi cy’iburayi bikomeye bihugu byarazamutse, bigera ku mpinga mu minsi icumi yambere yukwezi.
Ikibazo cy’ingufu z’ibihugu by’i Burayi kitarakemuka, giteye ikibazo gikomeye ku mutekano w’ingufu z’Uburayi, kibangamira cyane inzira yo guhindura ingufu mu Burayi, kandi gitera ihungabana rikomeye mu iterambere ry’inganda z’imiti y’uburayi.
Ibiciro mpuzamahanga bya peteroli na gaze byazamutse cyane
Imwe mu ngaruka zitaziguye z’amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani ni uko isoko rya peteroli na gaze mu 2022 rizaba nka “roller coaster”, hamwe n’izamuka ry’umwaka wose, bikagira ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko ry’imiti.
Ku isoko rya gaze gasanzwe, muri Werurwe na Nzeri 2022, “ibura” rya gazi karemano y’Uburusiya ryatumye ibihugu by’Uburayi byihutira gushaka gaze karemano (LNG) ku isi.Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo n'ibindi bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga LNG na byo byihutishije guhunika gaze, kandi isoko rya LNG ryari rito.Icyakora, hamwe n’uburinganire bwa gaze gasanzwe mu Burayi n’ubukonje bukabije mu Burayi, igiciro cya LNG ku isi ndetse n’igiciro cya gaze gasanzwe byombi byagabanutse cyane mu Kuboza 2022.
Ku isoko rya peteroli, abakinyi bakomeye kumasoko bahora bagenda.Ihuriro ryo kugabanya umusaruro wa OPEC + riyobowe na Arabiya Sawudite ryafashe icyemezo cya mbere cyo kongera umusaruro ku nshuro ya mbere mu myaka ibiri mu nama isanzwe igabanya umusaruro muri Kamena 2022. Icyakora, mu Kuboza 2022, OPEC + yahisemo gukomeza kugabanya umusaruro wari usanzweho politiki.Muri icyo gihe, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zatangaje irekurwa ry’ibigega bya peteroli kandi byumvikanye n’abandi banyamuryango ba OECD kurekura ibigega bya peteroli.Igiciro cya peteroli mpuzamahanga cyazamutse cyane kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru kuva mu 2008 mu ntangiriro za Werurwe 2022, kandi gihagarara nyuma y’urwego rusange rwo guhuriza hamwe mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2022. Hagati muri Kamena 2022, habaye undi muhengeri wo kugabanuka no kugabanuka, kandi na mpera z'Ugushyingo 2022, yaguye ku rwego rwa Gashyantare uwo mwaka.
Ibigo byinshi bya peteroli-chimique biva ku isoko ryu Burusiya
Kubera ko amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani yiyongera, amasosiyete akomeye y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli y’iburengerazuba yafashe icyemezo cyo kuva ku isoko ry’Uburusiya ku bicuruzwa n’umusaruro ku gihombo kinini.
Mu nganda zikomoka kuri peteroli, igihombo cyose cyatewe n’inganda kingana na miliyari 40.17 US $, muri yo BP ikaba nini cyane.Ibindi bigo nka Shell, byatakaje hafi miliyari 3.9 z'amadolari y'Amerika igihe bavaga mu Burusiya.
Muri icyo gihe, inganda z’amahanga mu nganda z’imiti nazo zavuye ku isoko ry’Uburusiya ku rugero runini.Harimo BASF, Dow, DuPont, Solvay, Klein, nibindi
Ikibazo cy’ifumbire ku isi kiragenda cyiyongera
Kubera ko amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani yiyongera, igiciro cya gaze gasanzwe cyarazamutse kandi itangwa ni rito, kandi n’igiciro cya ammoniya y’intungamubiri n’ifumbire ya azote ishingiye kuri gaze karemano nayo yagize ingaruka.Byongeye kandi, kubera ko Uburusiya na Biyelorusiya ari byohereza mu mahanga ifumbire ya potas ku isi, igiciro cy’ifumbire mvaruganda ku isi nacyo gikomeje kuba kinini nyuma y’ibihano.Nyuma gato y’amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani, ikibazo cy’ifumbire ku isi nacyo cyakurikiye.
Nyuma y’uko amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Uzubekisitani yiyongera, muri rusange igiciro cy’ifumbire ku isi cyakomeje kuba kinini kuva mu mpera za Werurwe kugeza muri Mata 2022, hanyuma ikibazo cy’ifumbire cyoroha n’iyongera ry’umusaruro w’ifumbire muri Amerika, Kanada no mu bindi bihugu bitanga ifumbire.Icyakora, kugeza ubu, ikibazo cy’ifumbire ku isi nticyakuweho, kandi n’inganda nyinshi zitanga ifumbire mu Burayi ziracyafunzwe.Ikibazo cy’ifumbire ku isi cyahungabanije cyane umusaruro usanzwe w’ubuhinzi mu Burayi, Aziya yepfo, Afurika na Amerika yepfo, bituma ibihugu bireba bikoresha amafaranga menshi mu kuzamura ifumbire, kandi bigira uruhare rutaziguye ku ifaranga ry’isi.
Kwirinda no kugenzura ibyangiza umwanda wa plastike mugihe cyamateka
Ku ya 2 Werurwe 2022 ku isaha yaho, mu nama yasubukuwe mu nama ya gatanu y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije, yabereye i Nairobi, abahagarariye ibihugu 175 bemeje icyemezo cy’amateka, Icyemezo cyo guca umwanda wa plastiki (Umushinga).Ni ku nshuro ya mbere umuryango mpuzamahanga wumvikanye ku gukemura ikibazo cya plastiki kigenda gikomera.N'ubwo iki cyemezo kitagaragaje gahunda yihariye yo gukumira umwanda wa plastike, biracyari intambwe ikomeye mu muryango mpuzamahanga ku kibazo cy’umwanda wa plastike.
Nyuma yaho, ku ya 28 Ugushyingo 2022, abahagarariye ibihugu n’uturere birenga 190 bakoze ibiganiro bya mbere hagati ya guverinoma ku bijyanye no kurwanya umwanda wa plastike muri Cape Ester, maze gahunda mpuzamahanga yo kurwanya umwanda.
Ibigo bya peteroli byageze ku nyungu nyinshi
Kubera izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro bya peteroli, amasosiyete y’ibitoro ku isi yongeye kubona inyungu zitangaje mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2022, igihe amakuru yatangajwe.
Kurugero, ExxonMobil yungutse amateka mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2022, yinjije miliyari 19.66 z'amadolari y’Amerika, akaba arenga inshuro ebyiri amafaranga yinjije mu gihe kimwe mu 2021. Chevron yungutse miliyari 11.23 US $ mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2022, hafi yinyandiko yinyungu yigihembwe cyashize.Arabiya Sawudite nayo izaba sosiyete nini ku isi ku gaciro k’isoko mu 2022.
Ibihangange bya peteroli byinjiza amafaranga menshi byakuruye isi yose.By'umwihariko mu rwego rwo guhindura ingufu ku isi zahagaritswe n'ikibazo cy'ingufu, inyungu nini zakozwe n'inganda z’ingufu z’ibinyabuzima zateje impaka zikomeye mu mibereho.Ibihugu byinshi birateganya gushyiraho umusoro w’umuyaga ku nyungu z’umuyaga w’inganda za peteroli.
Ibigo byinshi byapima uburemere ku isoko ryUbushinwa
Ku ya 6 Nzeri 2022, BASF yakoze umuhango wo kubaka no kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho bya mbere mu kigo cya BASF (Guangdong) cyahujwe na BASF i Zhanjiang, muri Guangdong.BASF (Guangdong) ihuriweho ryama nantaryo yibandwaho.Igice cya mbere kimaze gushyirwa mubikorwa kumugaragaro, BASF izongera umusaruro wa toni 60000 / yumwaka wa plastiki yubuhanga yahinduwe, ishobora guhaza abakiriya benshi, cyane cyane mubijyanye n’imodoka n’ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki.Ikindi gikoresho cyo gukora polyurethane ya termoplastique kizashyirwa mu bikorwa mu 2023. Mugihe cyanyuma cyumushinga, ibikoresho byinshi byo hasi bizagurwa.
Mu 2022, mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ingufu ku isi n’ifaranga ry’isi, ibigo mpuzamahanga byakomeje gukorera mu Bushinwa.Usibye BASF, inganda za peteroli n’ibihugu byinshi nka ExxonMobil, INVIDIA na Arabiya Sawudite Aramco zongera ishoramari mu Bushinwa.Mu guhangana n’imivurungano n’impinduka ku isi, imishinga mpuzamahanga yavuze ko yiteguye kuba abashoramari b'igihe kirekire mu Bushinwa kandi ko izatera imbere ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa rifite intego ndende.
Inganda z’imiti zi Burayi ubu zigabanya umusaruro
Mu Kwakira 2022, igihe igiciro cya peteroli na gaze mu Burayi cyari kinini kandi itangwa rikaba rito cyane, uruganda rukora imiti rw’i Burayi rwahuye n’ibibazo bitigeze bibaho.Izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu ryazamuye ibiciro by’umusaruro w’ibigo by’i Burayi, kandi nta mbaraga zihagije ziri mu bikorwa.Ibicuruzwa bimwe bibura ibikoresho byingenzi, biganisha ku cyemezo rusange cyibihangange by’iburayi byo kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika umusaruro.Muri byo harimo ibihangange mpuzamahanga bya shimi nka Dow, Costron, BASF na Longsheng.
Kurugero, BASF yafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika umusaruro wa ammonia yubukorikori no kugabanya ikoreshwa rya gaze gasanzwe ryuruganda rwa Ludwigsport.Ingufu zose, Costron nibindi bigo byiyemeje gufunga imirongo imwe n'imwe.
Guverinoma zihindura ingamba z’ingufu
Mu 2022, isi izahura n'ikibazo cyo gutanga amasoko akomeye, ubushobozi bwo gukora inganda zinganda zizahagarikwa, ubucuruzi bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa bizatinda, kandi n’ingufu zizaba nyinshi.Ibi byatumye ingufu z'umuyaga no kwishyiriraho amafoto mu bihugu byinshi bitarenze uko byari byitezwe.Muri icyo gihe kandi, kubera ikibazo cy’ingufu, ibihugu byinshi byatangiye gushaka ingufu zihutirwa zizewe.Kuri iki kibazo, guhindura ingufu kwisi birahagaritswe.Mu Burayi, kubera ikibazo cy’ingufu n’igiciro cy’ingufu nshya, ibihugu byinshi byatangiye kongera gukoresha amakara nk’isoko ry’ingufu.
Ariko icyarimwe, guhindura ingufu kwisi biracyatera imbere.Raporo y’ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu, mu gihe ibihugu byinshi bitangiye kwihutisha guhindura ingufu, inganda z’ingufu zisukuye ku isi zinjiye mu gihe cy’iterambere ryihuse, kandi biteganijwe ko ingufu z’amashanyarazi zishobora kwiyongera 20% mu 2022. The umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bwa gaze karuboni ku isi mu 2022 biteganijwe ko uzagabanuka uva kuri 4% muri 2021 ukagera kuri 1%.
Sisitemu ya mbere y’ibiciro bya karubone ku isi yasohotse
Ku ya 18 Ukuboza 2022, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’Uburayi n’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bemeye kuvugurura byimazeyo isoko rya karuboni y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, harimo no gushyiraho imisoro ya karubone.Dukurikije gahunda y’ivugurura, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uzishyura ku mugaragaro amahoro ya karubone kuva mu 2026, kandi ukore igeragezwa guhera mu Kwakira 2023 kugeza mu mpera za Ukuboza 2025. Icyo gihe, amafaranga y’ibyuka byoherezwa mu kirere azashyirwa ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.Mu nganda z’imiti, ifumbire izaba inganda zambere zishyuza imisoro ya karubone.
JinDun Chemicalyiyemeje guteza imbere no gushyira mu bikorwa imiti yihariye ya acrylate hamwe n’imiti idasanzwe irimo fluor.JinDun Chemical ifite inganda zitunganya OEM i Jiangsu, Anhui n’ahandi hantu zimaze imyaka mirongo zikorana, zitanga ubufasha bukomeye kuri serivisi zihariye z’imiti yihariye.JinDun Imiti ishimangira gushinga itsinda rifite inzozi, gukora ibicuruzwa byiyubashye, byitondewe, bikomeye, kandi byose bisohoke kuba umufatanyabikorwa wizewe ninshuti yabakiriya!Gerageza gukoraibikoresho bishya bya shimiuzane ejo hazaza heza ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-28-2023