Umwuma wa Dehydrogenation
Umwuma wa Dehydrogenation
- Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru Dehydrogenation Catalytic Technology
Nka okiside ya fer - oxyde ya chromium - potasiyumu oxyde irashobora gukora Ethylbenzene (cyangwa n-butene) dehydrogenation muri styrene (cyangwa butadiene) munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe numwuka mwinshi wamazi.
- ubushyuhe buke bwa dehydrogenation ya catalitiki
Kuberako dehydrogenation ikenera gukorwa mubushyuhe bwinshi, decompression cyangwa imbere yumubare munini wamazi, gukoresha ingufu ni byinshi.Mu myaka ya vuba aha, okiside dehydrogenation ku bushyuhe bwo hasi yarakozwe.Nka polyethylene hamwe na bismuth - catisale ya molybdenum icyuma cya okiside dehydrogenation ya butadiene.
Hydrogenationntabwo ikoreshwa mubikorwa byo kubyara gusa, ahubwo ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa.Ukurikije imiterere ya hydrogenation itandukanye, irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu:
Cat Guhinduranya hydrogène hydrogène, nka Ethylene na propylene byabonetse muri peteroli ya hydrocarubone yamenetse nkibikoresho fatizo bya polymerisiyasi, bigomba kubanza gutoranywa na hydrogenation, kugirango bikureho umwanda nka alkyne, diene, monoxide ya karubone, dioxyde de carbone, ogisijeni, kandi nta gutakaza ene. .Cataliseri ikoreshwa ni palladium, platine cyangwa nikel, cobalt, molybdenum, nibindi, kuri alumina.
Hydrogen Cataliseri ya hydrogenation idahitamo, ni ukuvuga catalizator ikoreshwa mugukoresha hydrogène yimbitse kubintu byuzuye.Nka hydrogenation ya benzene kuri cyclohexane hamwe na catalizike ya nikel-alumina, hydrogenation ya fenol kuri cyclohexanol, ifite hydrogenation ya dinitrile kuri hexdiamine hamwe na catalizike ya nikel.
Cat Cataliseri ya hydrogène, nka catalizike ya chromate yumuringa wa hydrogène yamavuta kugirango itange alcool nyinshi
Nibintu byambere bitera imbaraga zikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda.Aldehydes hamwe na atome imwe ya karubone ikorwa nigisubizo cya alkenes hamwe na syngas (CO + H2) imbere ya catalizator.Nka Ethylene, propylene nkibikoresho fatizo binyuze muri hydroformylation (ni ukuvuga, synthesis ya karubone) propyl aldehyde, butyl aldehyde.Hydroformylation yakozwe mugice cyamazi hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi nigitutu hifashishijwe karubone cobalt nka catalizator.
Polyethylene igabanijwemo cyane cyane n'ubucucike buke.Mubihe byashize, iyambere yakoresheje uburyo bwumuvuduko mwinshi (100 ~ 300MPa) umusaruro, ogisijeni, peroxide organic nka catalizator.Iyanyuma ikorwa cyane cyane nuburyo bwumuvuduko ukabije cyangwa uburyo buke bwumuvuduko.Muburyo bwumuvuduko ukabije, oxyde ya chromium-molybdenum itwarwa na silicon aluminium koleji.Muburyo bwumuvuduko muke, ubwoko bwa Ziegler catalizator (ihagarariwe na titanium tetrachloride na triethyl aluminium) ikoreshwa mugukoresha polymerisiyasi mubushyuhe buke n'umuvuduko muke.Umusemburo wa polypropilene wanateje imbere sisitemu ya titanium-aluminium ya catalizator ikora neza, kuri garama ya titanium irashobora gutanga ibiro birenga 1000 bya polypropilene.
Nibintu byambere bitera imbaraga zikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda.Aldehydes hamwe na atome imwe ya karubone ikorwa nigisubizo cya alkenes hamwe na syngas (CO + H2) imbere ya catalizator.Nka Ethylene, propylene nkibikoresho fatizo binyuze muri hydroformylation (ni ukuvuga, synthesis ya karubone) propyl aldehyde, butyl aldehyde.Hydroformylation yakozwe mugice cyamazi hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi nigitutu hifashishijwe karubone cobalt nka catalizator.
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